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In keeping with the traditions of great American and European universities, Marist’s gates are an important part of campus and an iconic symbol of the institution. Celebrating the history of the College and the surrounding Hudson River Valley, these three distinctive gates provide entrance to the western half of the Marist campus from Route 9. 在殖民时期, Route 9 was known as the Albany Post Road and later the King’s Road; it ran north from New York City to Albany and remains a well-traveled thoroughfare today.
学院的校园大门是由Kevin M. 史密斯是世界知名律师事务所Robert a.M. 斯特恩建筑事务所(RAMSA). 大门的设计和材料——灰石, 红砖, and limestone – reflect Marist’s unique architectural palette, 从灰石中衍生出来的, 基兰门楼, 和圣. 彼得的建筑. These 150-year-old structures are original to the Bech estate on which Marist is built, and they serve as architectural inspiration for more modern campus buildings. 在一起, Marist’s gates establish a presence for the College along Route 9 and help define the campus’ evolving architectural language.
Smith and the RAMSA team coined a specific term to describe the architectural style they designed for Marist: “Hudson Valley Modern Gothic,” which pays homage to the region’s tradition of picturesque architecture, 从19世纪开始, 当时哈德逊河发展成为“美国的莱茵河”.” The idea of castle-like buildings seen from the river against the area’s stunning topography relates to the similar aesthetic underpinnings of the Hudson River School in painting, 哪一个在同一时期是活跃的. Hudson Valley Modern Gothic represents a cleaner look for the architecture, 大多没有坡屋顶, that looks to the future while acknowledging the region’s history, 尤其是灰石的建筑, 砖墙上镶着红砖. This feature is common in parts of Europe, especially in eastern France and parts of Germany.
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The South Gate is the most elaborate of the College’s three gates, and it serves as the main entrance for most visitors to campus. This gate is known for the arch through which pedestrians walk, and also for its distinctive stone carvings: the rampant fox and the medallions of important historical figures associated with the Hudson River Valley and Marist. The South Gate’s various carvings were done by Chris Pellettieri, an artist and stone carver best known for his work at the Cathedral of St. 约翰在纽约.
猖獗的狐狸
The fox depicted on Marist’s South Gate acknowledges the long tradition of the fox as a heraldic symbol of wisdom. Heraldry is an intricate system of symbols and insignia (known as “charges”), which were created and passed down through generations for the purpose of identifying families. 一种古老的习俗, 纹章学于12世纪在欧洲开始兴盛, during which time families displayed their emblems on shields, 他们, 还有战场上穿在锁子甲外面的盔甲. Heraldic “coats of arms” became so popular in the Middle Ages that, in 1483, Herald’s College was chartered to begin regulating the practice. The heraldic tradition survives today through the seals that can be found at many institutions of higher education.
纹章狐狸可以在几个冠上找到, 包括伊尔切斯特勋爵, 沃特金·威廉姆斯·韦恩爵士, 还有狐狸, Colfox, 和阿什沃思家族. 像其他四条腿的野兽一样, they are most commonly depicted in the rampant (rearing up) position, 在概要文件, 前爪抬起. They symbolize wisdom, specifically cunning, and wise defense.
The fox as a symbol of wisdom predates its popularity in the heraldic tradition of the Middle Ages by more than a millennium. Perhaps the earliest written reference to the fox as a symbol for wisdom comes from the Greek lyric poet Archilochus (c. 公元前680 - 645年. According to Archilochus, “the fox knows many things, while the hedgehog knows one big thing.” Cunning foxes can also be found throughout Western literature, 包括伊索寓言, 芬兰神话, 还有很多其他来源. bet亚洲365欢迎投注大学运动队的吉祥物是, 当然, 红狐, 一种原产于哈德逊河谷的物种.
Historic Figures Associated with the Hudson River Valley and Marist
The medallions on the South Gate depict important figures from different historical eras who have influenced the growth and development of the Hudson River Valley and Marist. This region of New York has been designated by Congress as a National 遗产 Area, 而bet亚洲365欢迎投注是这一遗产的一部分. 事实上, the College’s 哈德逊河谷研究所 serves as the academic arm of the Hudson River Valley National 遗产 Area, charged with capturing the area’s rich history and passing it on to future generations.
The images represented on Marist’s South Gate were carefully chosen to represent people associated with the College and/or the historic region it calls home. 以下是十枚奖章的说明.
St. 安
St. 安 was the original name of the Marist Brothers’ property in Poughkeepsie. 在基督教传统中，圣. 安 is the mother of the Virgin Mary, to whom the Brothers have a special devotion. In 1905, the Brothers purchased land and a house from Thomas MacPherson on the site of the current campus, 命名建筑和财产St. 安的冬宫纪念这条领带.
爱德华•本奇
In 1908, the Marist Brothers purchased the 爱德华•本奇 estate, expanding their original holdings. Bech was a Danish-born industrialist who started the Tuckerman and Bech Iron Company in Poughkeepsie. 他也是冠纳德轮船公司的合伙人. He hired German architect Detlef Lienau to design his estate, 但只有马车房, 谷仓, 当贝克于1873年去世时，门楼已经完工. These three service buildings are today known as Greystone, St. 彼得的, 基兰门楼, and were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. Greystone has served as the location for the President’s Office for bet亚洲365欢迎投注 for many decades.
St. Marcellin Champagnat
St. Marcellin Champagnat was a 19th century French priest who founded the Marist Brothers, a Catholic religious order dedicated to educating young people. His followers eventually spread to the United States and around the world. One group of Brothers settled on the banks of the Hudson River in Poughkeepsie in 1905 and established a seminary for future Marist Brothers. That training school evolved into present-day bet亚洲365欢迎投注.
弗雷德里克教堂
弗雷德里克·丘奇是一位美国风景画家, 和托马斯·科尔一起, 是哈德逊河学派的核心人物, a 19th century American art movement influenced by Romanticism and the first identifiable school of art in the United States. The Hudson River School painters captured the dramatic beauty of this area’s landscapes, 时至今日，他们的形象仍被高度重视. 圣母的学生, 教师, and staff enjoy the same breathtaking views of the Hudson River that inspired Church, 科尔, 还有其他艺术家.
亨利哈德逊
亨利哈德逊 was an English explorer and navigator who explored the river that now bears his name. Famously called “America’s First River” by journalist Bill Moyers, 哈德逊河在美国的发展中发挥了核心作用. 1609年9月, 哈德逊航行经过现在的bet亚洲365欢迎投注校园, and the College was intimately involved in the Quadricentennial celebration of Hudson’s historic expedition. bet亚洲365欢迎投注与哈德逊河紧密相连, 并致力于保护其美丽的风景. 事实上, the College is home to a high-tech environmental monitoring station that tracks the river’s health; the station was built at Marist in partnership with the U.S. 地质调查所, 纽约州自然保护部, 以及卡里生态系统研究所.
丹尼尔Nimham
瓦平格部落的最后一位酋长, 丹尼尔Nimham died fighting for the American side during the Revolutionary War. This medallion pays tribute to Nimham and all of the Hudson River Valley’s indigenous inhabitants. 事实上, the name Poughkeepsie derives from a word in the Wappinger language and means “the reed-covered lodge by the little water place.”
富兰克林和埃莉诺·罗斯福
第32届美国.S. President and his wife were global figures who helped to shape the 20th century and who made their home in nearby Hyde Park. 当他在白宫的时候, 罗斯福总统有一句名言:, “All that is within me cries out to go back to my home on the Hudson River.” Today, the Roosevelts’ legacy lives on through the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential 图书馆 and Museum and the Eleanor Roosevelt Center at Val-Kill. Marist is proud to be affiliated with the Roosevelt Presidential 图书馆, one of only six colleges or universities in the nation to have such an affiliation.
索杰纳·特鲁斯
The 19th century abolitionist and women’s rights activist was born in Esopus, Ulster County and spent much of her early life in the Hudson River Valley. 在她生命的前九年里, she was owned by a Dutch family and spoke only the Dutch language. 在获得自由之后, she would go on to become one of the nation’s leading voices against slavery and in favor of equal rights for women.
乔治•华盛顿
Our first president has a unique connection to the Hudson River Valley because of the region’s central role in America’s War of Independence. 革命时期, General Washington spent about one-third of his time in this area; in fact, his headquarters for the last 16 ½ months of the war was located in Newburgh. 据说革命是从波士顿开始的, 在约克镇结束, 而是发生在哈德逊河谷.
约翰·弗拉克·温斯洛
约翰·弗拉克·温斯洛 was a leading 19th century industrialist who helped to finance the construction of the USS Monitor, which made history in 1862 by defeating the ironclad CSS Virginia (formerly the USS Merrimack) at Hampton Roads, 内战期间的弗吉尼亚. Winslow is generally believed to have convinced President Abraham Lincoln to build the Monitor. Winslow’s estate was located on what is now the northern part of the Marist campus.
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The Central Gate and Gatehouse stand at the midpoint of the west campus, providing both a functional and a ceremonial entrance to Marist. 这个入口通常不对车辆开放, 除了紧急车辆, but the gate is opened for certain special occasions such as 毕业典礼. The distinctive gatehouse pays homage to the historic cottages of the Bech estate and is of similar size. Constructed with the same granite and limestone as the South Gate, 还有一个石板屋顶, this structure is designed to remain an iconic landmark for generations. 漂亮的铜门上浮雕着字母“M”,’ a symbol of the Marist Brothers who founded the College and an element of the College’s seal. The Central Gate is surrounded by an attractively landscaped plaza that frames it beautifully.
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环绕着圣母大学校园的是北门, a landmark that defines the north end of Marist campus and serves as the entrance for visitors coming from points north. Smaller in scale than its counterparts to the south, it is nonetheless equally striking. The College’s North Gate uses the same materials as the other gates and is adorned with the same limestone monogram. The large ‘M’ on the North Gate is the traditional symbol of the Marist Brothers. 12颗星, 出现在“M”附近,是圣经中圣母玛利亚的象征, 他是圣母兄弟的忠实信徒. The order originated with Marcellin Champagnat in France in 1817. 对这一遗产的认可, a variation of this ‘M’ can also be found on the bet亚洲365欢迎投注 seal.
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Special thanks go out to the following people for their work documenting the history of Marist’s iconic campus gates: John Ansley, 导演, Archives and Special Collections; Justin Butwell, 导演 of Physical Plant; Elisabeth Tavarez, Special Assistant to the President; and Thom Wermuth, 负责学术事务的副校长.
图片来源:第一南门图像, 猖獗的狐狸形象, Central Gatehouse and Central Gate images: Peter Aaron/Otto for Robert A.M. 斯特恩的建筑师